Editing

Editing is the process of looking at the footage shot during the making of a film / TV programme and placing it in the desired order and joining it together.

Speed of editing -

In a film each scene may last a matter of seconds, or it could continue a for minutes but the length of each sequence establishes the pace of the film moving the action along.

The speed of editing will help to determine the mood of what is taking place on scene.

Style of editing - 

How shots are linked together. The movement from one shot to the next is called a transition.

Straight cut-

Most common and invisible form of transition. One shot moves instantaneously to the next without the audience noticing. Straight cuts help retain reality. They do not break the viewers suspension of disbelief.

Dissolve-

Fading one shot while another shot is fading in. The audience will be able to see both short on the screen at the mid-point of the dissolve.

Fades-

A gradual darkening or lightning of an image until it becomes black or white one shot will fade until only black or white screen can be seen.

Wipes-

One image is pushed odd the screen by another, images can be pushed left or right. Used for a sense of time using forward.

Jump cut-

The audiences attention is brought into focus on something very suddenly. This occurs by breaking the continuity editing, this is known as discontinuity. It appears as if the section of the sequence has been removed.

Graphic Match -

The film maker can chase to place shots in a certain order so as to create a smooth visual transfer from one frame to the next.
Two consultive shots are matched in terms of the way they look, this is called a graphic match.

Continuity editing-

A sense of realistic chronology and generates the feeling that time is moving forward.
May use flash backs / forwards but the narrative will still be seen to be progressing forward in an expected or realistic way.

Eye-line match-

We see a character looking at something off screen and then we see what they are looking at.

Match-on-action-

We see a character start an action in the first shot and then we see them continue that in the next shot.

180 degree rule-

A guideline that states that two characters in the same scene showed always have the same left/right relationship to each other. If the camera passes over the imaginary axis connecting the two subjects, this is called crossing the line.

Shot/Reverse shot-

Used to show a conversation / argument between two characters by showing their faces continuously.